knows will be converted, calling the ones who will obey but not calling the ones who will not obey. Although the early Augustine reflected the previous train of thought, by the time he wrote To Simplician his stance had changed. Then he contended that one cannot say it was because of foreknowledge that Jacob would be good and Esau bad that God called and did not call. Were this so, it would mean that God’s choice would be based on works, even if they had not yet been performed. The election of God,